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「髓」緣之情 延續生命 Bone Marrow Transplants Save Lives
Bone Marrow Transplants Save Lives
#閱讀測驗 #數位·科技·科學 #健康 #安全·醫療
9/13 解析英語
作者 Duncan DeAeth
閱讀時間 8分鐘
聽講解 聽朗讀 本圖文出處:
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「髓」緣之情 延續生命 Bone Marrow Transplants Save Lives
某些癌症的許多患者都因癌症本身或像是化療等療法而致使血球遭受破壞。
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Many patients with certain types of cancers suffer from damage to their blood cells due to the cancer itself or treatments like chemotherapy. To help rebuild healthy blood cells, patients often receive bone marrow transplants by using either pluripotent or hematopoietic stem cells.
A bone marrow or stem cell transplant can speed up recovery and boost healthy blood cell production. There are primarily two types of bone marrow transplants: autologous and allogeneic. The former involves using the patient’s own stem cells, while the latter uses stem cells from a matching donor, usually a relative with a compatible human leukocyte antigen (HLA) type. If someone doesn’t have a close relative with a matching type, there are registries for doctors to seek suitable donors.
Nearly anyone can sign up to become a donor. If a person is matched as a suitable donor after joining a registry, they will undergo a minimally invasive procedure to collect their stem cells mainly through either of the following methods.
Bone marrow harvest
Peripheral blood stem cell (PBSC) collection
Doctors use a needle to extract stem cells from liquid bone marrow, often from the hip bone but sometimes from other locations like the chest bone. This is now a widely used method. It involves stimulating the body to release stem cells into the bloodstream through medications. The stem cells are then collected using a machine similar to that used in blood donation.
While some donors might experience discomfort or fatigue after the procedure, most people can regenerate the harvested bone marrow within a month. For the donor, the process is relatively simple. For the recipient, a bone marrow transplant can be life-saving.
If you would like to help people in need of a stem cell transplant, consider joining a registry like the Buddhist Tzu Chi Stem Cells Center. The group is available for consultations and holds seminars on developments in bone marrow transplant procedures.
1. What is the primary purpose of bone marrow transplants?
(A) To enhance the growth of healthy blood cells.
(B) To prevent the side effects of chemotherapy.
(C) To detect the early signs of certain cancers.
(D) To help combat cancer cells.
2. What distinguishes an autologous bone marrow transplant from an allogeneic transplant?
(A) The method of transplantation.
(B) The type of cancer treated.
(C) The source of stem cells.
(D) The age of the patient.
3. Which of the following is true about harvesting stem cells?
(A) Both methods require donors to take medicine before the donation.
(B) The harvested stem cells will be replaced in about a month.
(C) Usually only a close relative’s stem cells can be harvested.
(D) The procedure is rather dangerous to the donor.
4. According to the passage, what can recipients of bone marrow transplants expect?
(A) Minor discomfort or fatigue.
(B) Minimal impact on overall health.
(C) Reduced risk of cancer recurrence.
(D) Improved production of healthy blood cells.
單字片語整理
Words in Use
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recovery [rɪˋkʌvərɪ]
n. 找回；痊癒，復元
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donor [ˋdonɚ]
n. 捐贈者
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donation [doˋneʃən]
n. 捐贈， 捐贈物
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compatible [kəmˋpætəb!]
a. (電腦) 相容的 ; 可共存的
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registry [ˋrɛdʒɪstrɪ]
n. 登記名冊；登記處
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undergo [͵ʌndɚˋgo]
vt. 經歷；接受（治療、訓練）
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procedure [prəˋsidʒɚ]
n. 步驟，手續 （與介詞 for 並用）
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harvest [ˋhɑrvɪst]
vt. & n. 收穫
●
extract [ɪkˋstrækt]
n. 萃取物
vt. 提煉；摘錄；獲取（情報、錢）
●
stimulate [ˋstɪmjə͵let]